How many kinds of New Coronavirus vaccines are there in the world?
The New Coronavirus vaccine (2019-nCoV vaccine) is a vaccine against New Coronavirus.
Currently, there are about 250 candidate new coronavirus vaccines in research and development around the world, and about 20 kinds of them are in clinical trials。
China
China has carried out the urgent development of new crown vaccine according to five technical routes.
On June 16, 2020, the phase I / II clinical trial blind review and phase I blinding meeting of the new inactivated coronavirus vaccine developed by Wuhan Institute of biological products of China Pharmaceutical Group was held in Beijing and Henan simultaneously. The results showed that: after vaccination, the safety was good; there was no serious adverse reaction; after different procedures and doses of vaccination, the vaccinators in the vaccine group all produced high titer antibody; after two doses of vaccination in 28 days, the positive conversion rate of neutralizing antibody was 100%.
In June 19, 2020, the New Coronavirus mRNA vaccine (ARCoV), jointly developed by the Academy of Military Medical Sciences and local enterprises, was approved by the State Drug Administration's clinical trial. This is the first mRNA vaccine approved for clinical trials in China. On the same day, the State Drug Administration approved the new coronal recombinant protein vaccine jointly developed by Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui zhifeilongkema to enter the clinical trial. This is a new technical route for the development of new coronal vaccine to enter the clinical trial stage after the adenovirus vector vaccine and inactivated vaccine entered the clinical trial.
Eleven new coronavirus vaccines have entered clinical trials in China. Four vaccines entered phase III clinical trials, including three inactivated vaccines and one adenovirus vector vaccine. Clinical trials of recombinant protein vaccine, nucLEIc acid vaccine and attenuated influenza virus vector vaccine are being carried out in phase I and phase II.
On December 31, Sinopharm China Biological New Crown inactivated vaccine has been approved by the State Food and Drug Administration for conditional marketing.
Australia
In January 22, 2020, University of Queensland in Australia is using a patented technology to produce vaccines for New Coronavirus quickly. Keith Chappelle, a leader of the scientific research project, told Xinhua at the University of Queensland that the research team of the school has obtained the gene sequence of New Coronavirus and is in the initial stage of developing the relevant vaccine. This patented technology called "molecular tweezers" developed by the research team of the University of Queensland can increase the stability of viral protein. The research team has tried to use this technology to develop vaccines against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Nipah virus, Ebola virus and influenza virus, and has achieved very ideal experimental results.
U.S.A
In February 19, 2020, Sanofi global vaccine division Senauer Faye Basudeb (Sanofi Pasteur) announced that it will work with the biomedical advanced research and Development Agency (BARDA) in the United States to accelerate the development of New Coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine with advanced gene reengineering technology platform.
A novel coronavirus pneumonia was released in March 2, 2020 by University of California at Riverside. The team found a drug target protein in COVID-19 and cracked the 3D structure of the protein, which will help develop new drugs for treating new crown pneumonia. The team consists of researchers from the University of California at riverside, the University of Chicago, the Argonne National Laboratory of the U.S. Department of energy, and Northwestern University.
On April 7, 2020, a U.S. company announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted the company's application for clinical trials (ind) of new coronavirus candidate DNA vaccine ino-4800.
On May 5, 2020, Pfizer has started testing an experimental vaccine against the new coronavirus in the United States.
Russia
On February 26, 2020, Russian Deputy Prime Minister Goli Kurkovva told the media that Russian researchers had acquired the strain of New Coronavirus and developed 5 prototype vaccines against the virus. The Russian "vector" virology and biotechnology National Science Center has developed five prototype vaccines against the new coronavirus, but it is still in the initial stage of vaccine development.
On March 20, 2020, the biomedical agency of the Russian Federation announced that experts from the agency are stepping up research and development of anti new coronavirus vaccines, and three prototype vaccines have been developed.
On August 1, 2020, Russian health minister murashko said that the new crown vaccine will be free of charge. "We plan that the budget will fully cover the cost of the new crown vaccination," murashko said. The plan of vaccination is according to the plan. "Murashko also said that in October, Russia will be vaccinated with the new crown vaccine on a large scale, giving priority to doctors and teachers, while the government will monitor the vaccinated people.
On August 11, 2020, according to the Russian satellite news agency, the Russian health minister said that the first registered new coronavirus vaccine was named "Sputnik V", and pointed out that vaccination with the new coronavirus vaccine can make people form long-term immunity, which can last for two years, and is expected to start circulation on January 1, 2021.
In 2020, "satellite V" new crown vaccine will be developed successfully. On the basis of the previous research and development of the Middle East respiratory disease vaccine, Russia's "Gamali" laboratory urgently developed the "satellite V" vaccine within a few months. At the same time, the relevant laboratories in Russia are carrying out the research and development of several other new vaccines.
Israel
In February 27, 2020, Israel's Ministry of science and technology announced that researchers in the country are speeding up the development of an oral New Coronavirus vaccine, which is expected to start clinical trials within 90 days. Israel's minister of science and technology, Ophir acunis, said that the Miguel Galilee Institute is developing the vaccine, and the Ministry of science and technology will speed up all the approval processes related to the vaccine, so as to promote the early launch of the vaccine.
In June 2020, the Israel Institute of biology announced the completion of the animal experiment of the new crown vaccine. On November 1, two Israeli hospitals vaccinated two volunteers with a new coronal vaccine, brilife, developed by the Israel Institute of biology.
the republic of korea
In March 4, 2020, the South Korean Institute of chemical research said that the new virus fusion research team led by the hospital has found neutralizing antibodies against New Coronavirus, which will help advance the process of developing COVID-19 vaccine.
Germany
Curevac, a biopharmaceutical company headquartered in tibingen, Germany, is expected to develop effective candidate vaccines against the new coronavirus within a few months by using its vaccine development platform based on mRNA technology. Here, the German and German governments attach great importance to the company's ability to rapidly develop and produce vaccines, competing for funding and secretly competing around possible future vaccine supply.
britain
On March 17, 2020, the University of Cambridge said that a team of the university is accelerating the development of a new coronavirus vaccine with the help of artificial intelligence, synthetic biology and other technologies. According to Professor Jonathan sheeney, who led the team, the vaccine could be used in clinical trials as soon as June. Before this, the research team of Oxford University and Imperial College also said that they are stepping up the development of vaccines.
South Africa
On June 23, 2020, the online news conference of golden mountain University of South Africa announced that South Africa will start the first clinical trial of new coronal vaccine in Africa. The vaccine used in the trial was developed by Jenner Research Institute of Oxford University in the UK and is currently undergoing clinical trials in the UK.
China signed the novel coronavirus pneumonia vaccine implementation plan in October 8, 2020. This is an important measure for China to uphold the concept of human health community and fulfill its commitment to promote vaccines to become global public goods.
